Armando Castro was born in Op orto to an upper - middle-class family. He was the son of Amílcar de Castro, a lawyer, and Irene de Castro, a teacher in Op orto at a kindergarten and then a primary school, after pre-school education was abolished by decree n o. 28 081 of 9 October 1937. Both were oppositionists to the Estado Novo and clearly left-wing. In this politically militant family environment, given that they were both members of the Portuguese Communist Party, Armando Castro added to his education a strong left-wing civic and political stance. When he was still a teenager at Rodrigues de Freitas Secondary School in Op orto, around 1935, he became a sympathiser of the then clandestine party. Later, when he enrolled in Legal Sciences at the University of Coimbra between 1937 and 1941, he became a militant during his degree. He completed his studies with another degree in 1942 at the same university: Political and Economic Sciences. In addition to the student political struggle, he had a clear appreciation for Economics, which he considered much more interesting than Law. Therefore, after finishing his degree in Legal Sciences, he was awarded a scholarship from the Institute for High Culture at the Centre for Economic Research at the University of Coimbra between 1941 and 1943. This connection to Portuguese academia could have marked the beginning of a quiet academic career, but due to his political activity known to the political police, his career came to a halt. This hiatus prevented him from leaving Coimbra and returning to Op orto to be near his family. Married since 1943, he practised L aw and, despite his distaste for his work to provide for the necessities of life, he never lost his desire to publish scientific works.

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