Promoted to lieutenant captain in 1890, he was appointed royal commissioner to the Mala Real Company, and shortly afterwards (1891-1892), he became chief of staff to Júlio Vilhena, the Minister of the Navy.

In 1892, he was appointed royal commissioner at the Inhambane Company and elected as a member of parliament for the Regenerator Party in Paredes. He was re-elected in 1894 for Fafe and in 1908 for Braga. During two legislative sessions, he served as secretary of the Câmara dos Deputados [Chamber of Deputies] and was a member of several committees. He was appointed to the Comissão de Inquérito [Committee of Inquiry] into religious establishments and educational institutions (1893), although his parliamentary activity was notably marked by his involvement in maritime and naval issues. Promoted to frigate captain in 1901 and sea captain in 1907, he participated in the revision of the agreement between Portugal and Spain on coastal and fisheries policies in 1913, following the establishment of the Republic. His promotion to vice-admiral in 1918, the highest rank in the Portuguese Navy, recognised his military leadership and the Portuguese state's appreciation for his long career as a professor of international law, historian, colonialist, member of parliament, member of the Academia das Ciências de Lisboa [Lisbon Academy of Sciences], and oceanographer, as well as the prestige his studies and scientific activities earned him in national and international academic circles.

Most of Almeida d'Eça's career was dedicated to teaching, and it is from this perspective that we should analyse his contributions to the fields of History and Geography. His teaching activities extended beyond the Escola Naval, as he served on exam boards for History, Geography, and English at national high schools in Porto, Guarda, Viseu, Aveiro, and the Liceu Central de Lisboa [Central High School of Lisbon] (1887-1888). As both an author and promoter of history, geography, and foreign languages, he was involved in the Biblioteca do Povo e das Escolas [Library of the People and the Schools], a popular collection of diverse subjects and disciplines aimed at a wide audience, published by David Corazzi, whose objective was the "scientific education of the people" to promote progress and civilisation. Almeida d'Eça was the author of seven titles: O Mar [The Sea] (1883); two for linguistic didactic purposes: Gramática francesa [French Grammar] (1883) and French Methode [French Method] (1884); and four books that reflect his interest in Maritime History and Geography, centred on the Age of Discovery: História Marítima [Maritime History] (1884), Viagens e Descobrimentos Marítimos [Maritime Voyages and Discoveries] (1885), Viagens e Descobrimentos Terrestres [Land Voyages and Discoveries] (1886), Viagens e Descobrimentos Marítimos dos Portugueses [Maritime Voyages and Discoveries of the Portuguese] (1889). In that same year, he was invited to teach Geography at the Liceu de Lisboa .

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