His contributions to identifying expressions of national culture — a topic that had gained significant prominence in Portugal since the late 19th century — in line with the work of Martins Sarmento and Leite de Vasconcelos, are particularly noteworthy. In addition to his contributions to Art History, his efforts in the safeguarding and preservation of artistic heritage are also notable. Like other contemporary Portuguese intellectuals such as Aarão de Lacerda, his work played a key role in bringing these issues to the forefront of both public and academic debate.

On the editorial front, he founded and directed the magazine Terra Portuguesa [Portuguese Land] (1916-1927) in Lisbon, alongside Sebastião Pessanha and Alberto de Sousa. This publication is regarded as a key contribution to the study of Portuguese ethnography during the First Republic. He also established and led Arte e Arqueologia [Art and Archaeology] (1930-1933) in Coimbra, where he, along with António Nogueira Gonçalves, promoted and organised catalogues of jewellery, textile work and embroidery, and faience. He also wrote for multiple periodicals, including Contemporânea [Contemporary], Rajada [Gust], A Pátria [The Homeland], O Século [The Century], and Diário de Notícias [The Daily News], among others. He also served as editor of Atlântida [Atlantis] (1915-1920) and later as director of the newspaper Diário de Coimbra [Coimbra Daily] (1938-1944), where he placed a greater emphasis on Portuguese ethnography.

Virgílio Correia was also involved in multiple commissions, including the Seville Exhibition commission and the Fine Arts and Folk Costume commission. Additionally, he took part in various national and international scientific events, such as the Luso-Spanish Congresses for the Progress of Sciences (held in Cádiz, Salamanca, Lisbon, and Barcelona), the International Archaeological Congresses (in Barcelona, 1929, and Algiers, 1930), and the Portuguese World Exhibition (1940), among others. His research in Italy and Morocco culminated in the creation of Sequeira em Roma [Sequeira in Rome] (1923), a result of meticulous archival work, as well as Lugares Dalém : Azemôr , Mazagão , Çafim [Places Beyond : Azemôr, Mazagão, Çafim ] (1923), later re-edited under the title Três Cidades de Marrocos [Three Cities of Morocco] (1950), where he explored Maghreb influences on Portuguese Renaissance art. His visit to Italy also had a significant impact on his work in Portuguese ethnography, helping to align Portuguese and Italian ethnographic concepts in 1916. He was also a contributor to the Grande Enciclopédia Portuguesa e Brasileira [Great Portuguese and Brazilian Encyclopedia .] .

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