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Some of these descriptive works took the form of dictionaries, following the example of Father Luís Cardoso's Diccionario geografico, ou noticia historica de todas as cidades, villas (…) dos Reynos de Portugal, e Algarve [Geographical Dictionary, or Historical Account of All the Cities, Towns (...) of the Kingdoms of Portugal and the Algarve] (1747-1751). Among them, the Portugal antigo e moderno: diccionario geographico, estatistico, chorographico (…) de Portugal e de grande numero de aldeias [Ancient and Modern Portugal: A Geographical, Statistical, and Chorographic Dictionary (…) of Portugal and a Great Number of Villages] by Augusto Soares d'Azevedo Barbosa de Pinho Leal (1873-1890) may be highlighted. This monumental work is presented in twelve volumes, organised alphabetically by the names of the cities, towns, and parishes of Portugal, offering varied information on heritage, significant events, notable figures, as well as elements of genealogy and heraldry. In the Azores, Gabriel de Almeida published the Diccionario historico-geographico dos Açores [Historical and Geographical Dictionary of the Azores] (1893) towards the end of the century. In addition to the more or less detailed chorographical and geographical descriptions of the territory with historical notes, a genre of a literary nature dominated the publication panorama concerning regions and localities. This genre found inspiration in Almeida Garrett's Viagens na minha terra [journeys in My Homeland] (1846). An observation of the diversity of the landscapes and people, the picturesque and the buildings and monuments punctuate these sometimes rather simple narratives, which also refer to local antiquities and historical records. The development of this genre was facilitated by progress in communication and transport, particularly the railway, and the rise of tourism, leading to guides and itineraries for Portugal and its various regions. Some notable examples include Cintra pinturesca, ou memoria descriptiva da Villa de Cintra, Collares, e seus arredores…[Picturesque Sintra, or Descriptive Memory of the Town of Sintra, Colares, and its Surroundings] by the Viscount of Juromenha (1838), O Minho pittoresco [Picturesque Minho] by José Augusto Vieira (1886), the Portugal Pittoresco e Illustrado [Picturesque and Illustrated Portugal] collection by Alfredo Mesquita, particularly Lisboa, com quatrocentas gravuras [Lisbon, with four hundred prints] (1903), and several works by Alberto Pimentel, such as the Guia do viajante na cidade do Porto e seus arrabaldes [Guide for the Traveller in the City of Porto and Its Outskirts] (1877) and O Porto por fora e por dentro [Porto inside and out](1878). In 1924, the National Library published the Guia de Portugal [Guide to Portugal], edited by Raul Proença and later continued by the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, which became a monumental historical-geographical and descriptive work on the country.
